Primary Elements

Point

 

A point is a centralized position in space.  It has no height, depth, or length and can only be viewed as a one dimensional object. 

 

This image is a great illustration of the design element of point.  The lines created by the steel framing of the space draw the viewer's eye to the back window.  The perspective view of this image creates a vanishing point that reinforces a strong focal point. 




Line





A line is the extension of a point.  It is still a one dimensional element but it does have length that can visually show direction and position.

The lines in this image are created by the structure of the Takeda Pharmaceuticals North America Home Office.  The vertical lines on either side of the image create a strong, stable feeling while the curved overhang creates movement and energy.




Plane

 

 Multiple lines that surround and define a space create a plane.  A two dimensional element that includes length, width, and shape.  A plane can also show the surface of an object, the position, or the orientation.

There are three types of planes:  overhead planes, wall planes, and ground planes.  The Point Dume Residence in Malibu, CA was designed with planes in mind.  Visually in this image you can see mainly wall planes that depict shape and create a surface. 




Volume



When a plane takes on form and becomes three dimensional that plane is considered volume.  Volume has qualities of length, width, and depth and can be used to show orientation and position.

Above is an image that contains visual examples of volume.  In the forefront of this image a viewer can see three ottomans and an accent table that display depth, form, and space.  The light fixture in the middle ground also demonstrates the affects volume has on a space.  The solidity of the forms create a dense, heavy feeling and gives weight to the room.